White Dog Breeds of All Sizes

By Suzanne Alicie

Have you ever noticed that when someone sees a small white dog they typically say “Oh what a cute Poodle” or when they see a large white dog they think of a Husky or a Samoyed? I am a big fan of white dogs and I don’t expect people to always know exactly what breed a dog is – but there are a lot more white dogs than just Poodles and Huskies.

Small White Dogs

Some of the small white dogs you may confuse with a poodle are the Bichon Frise and the Bichon Bolognese. Both of these dogs have curly white hair, but their facial structure and compact body are quite different from a poodle.

One of my favorite small white dog breeds is the Coton de Tulear; it looks like a small white Sheepdog and definitely can’t be confused with a Poodle. The Lowchen and the Maltese can also be white but their straight fur makes them stand out among the crowd of Poodle-resembling small white dogs.

Medium White Dogs

The American Eskimo dog breed has a miniature and toy designation that separates them from being grouped in with Huskies and Samoyeds, but their beautiful white coat is straight and they have a less solid and “chesty” shape than their larger counterparts. Eskies, as they are affectionately known, are like dainty versions of snow dogs.

A soft coated Wheaten Terrier may be mistaken for a Standard Poodle, but once you see the face you’ll know that despite the poufy white curls that he is definitely not a Poodle. You may want to hug and squeeze him even more after you see that face, but you’ll know it’s not just a fat Poodle.

Large White Dogs

Oh, now we are in my favorite group of dogs. I like big dogs and I really like big white dogs! At the top of the list is the gorgeous Samoyed. Definitely not a Husky, and not a Poodle either. The Samoyed is a snow dog, but it is very family oriented and has a shorter stance than a Husky or typical sled dog, almost putting it into the medium sized category. Another dog that is often mistaken for a Husky is the Akita; with the broad chest and similar stance, the Akita would be well equipped to be a sled dog. The Central Asian Shepherd is a white dog with a short coat. He has the stocky build of a Husky but looks entirely different.

I know that most people just fall in love with a certain type of dog, much like I have with Samoyeds, or they like a certain size of dog and yes, even the color can make a difference. No matter what breed you choose, it’s important to learn as much about that specific breed as you can before you add one to your household. Big dogs aren’t always aggressive, and small dogs aren’t always nervous and yappy. But to be a responsible pet owner you don’t want to shop for a dog with only the information that you want a “medium white dog.” That could get you a dog that is completely incompatible with your family. Regardless of what breed you end up with, CANIDAE has a wide selection of premium-quality dog food and treats that will keep him healthy and happy.

Top photo: Bichon Frise by Jenn and Tony Bot

Middle photo: American Eskimo by Robert Southworth

Bottom photo: Samoyed by Tundra Ice

Read more articles by Suzanne Alicie

Breed Health Concerns for Poodles

By Suzanne Alicie

Poodles are wonderful pets. They are intelligent, easy to train, eager to please, and just a pleasure to have around. However, as a responsible pet owner you have to look further than the outward appearance and behavior before choosing a dog. Poodles aren’t low maintenance dogs, and even have some breed wide health concerns to consider. It’s important that you are aware of the possible health problems your poodle may have before you adopt one and get hit with veterinary bills.

I was given a poodle for Mother’s Day several years ago. My dog, named Noodle the Poodle by my kids, was a toy poodle. I had never owned a small dog or a poodle before, so I went in blind. Initially everything was great. I kept Noodle groomed and up to date on his shots and vet visits. He loved to play and was an all around great dog. He even got along with my cat!

When Noodle was about 18 months old he was lying on the floor beside the sofa while I watched TV. Suddenly I heard a coughing/choking noise and I jumped up. When I looked at Noodle his whole body was stiff, his eyes and mouth were open and he was gasping for breath. I thought he had found my child’s toy and had eaten it. I tried to feel in his throat to see if there was anything I could remove, but found nothing. I picked him up, and raced for the car telling my husband to get us to the vet. It was a Sunday afternoon, and we went to three veterinary offices before we found one that was open.

While we were in the car Noodle began breathing easier and his eyes lost the glassy look they’d had. But he seemed to be dazed and confused. When the vet finished checking him, she said that she would wait for the blood work to come back, but from the symptoms and his age and breed she deduced that Noodle had epilepsy and had suffered a severe seizure. I was shocked; I hadn’t even known that dogs could get epilepsy.  The vet gave me tons of information on the breed, and I found out several things about my dog that I hadn’t known.

Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy is common in all breeds of poodles, especially in males, and it generally doesn’t strike until they are around two years of age. Noodle did have epilepsy, and had to take medication (Phenobarbital) every day to prevent seizures.

Sebaceous Adenitis is also a poodle condition that causes the sebaceous glands to become inflamed and die. The sebaceous glands exist to produce sebum so your poodle’s skin doesn’t become dry. Scaly patches of skin and patchy hair loss are indicators.

Bloat is a life threatening condition that affects poodles, for some reason when the poodle eats too much or has gas the stomach bloats and twists to cut off the blood supply and trap the gas inside. This is a painful condition and one that can kill your dog in just a few hours. While there is no way to predict this condition, choosing to feed your dog a premium-quality, natural dog food such as CANIDAE will help you to know what your dog is consuming and hopefully prevent gassiness.

Addison’s disease is an inherited condition that causes the adrenal glands to stop working properly. The adrenal glands regulate body functions and allow the body to adapt to stress. This disease usually becomes apparent in poodles after being spayed or neutered, and before age five.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy is common in Toy and Mini poodles. This condition causes the dogs retina to shrink and will cause gradual loss of eyesight. This is an incurable disease, but also a slow advancing disease that allows the dog to adapt to the limitations gradually.

If you own a poodle or are interested in getting one, make sure that you provide regular vet checkups, can afford medication and grooming costs, and are prepared to do whatever you can as a responsible pet owner to make sure your poodle has a long and full life.

Read more articles by Suzanne Alicie

We got the results! now you can win free DNA test kit

What breeds make up Kelly? Well now I know, for sure. I tested Kelly's DNA, and I'm here to give you the results, and I want to give away a DNA kit to one of you, too!

Last month, during the Magical Mystery Mutt Tour, readers guessed what breeds composed our mixed up, I mean mixed breed, pooches. What fun! Then, Pet Safe, invited us to try out their new product, Pet Safe Breed Identification DNA Kit. The kit arrived, compact in a little folder with simple directions. All we had to do was swab the inside of Kelly's cheek and return the swabs in the postage-paid envelope. Despite her put-upon look, it doesn't hurt at all.














About two weeks later the results were in!

Magical Mystery Mutt participants guessed Kelly was:
cocker spaniel
dachshund
golden retriever
king charles cavelier spaniel
tibetan spaniel
irish setter
clumber spaniel
afghan hound
pekingese
chihuahua
briard
springer spaniel
shih-tzu
border collie
poodle

DNA tests revealed Kellys breed is:
.
.
.
keep scrolling
.
.
.
cocker spaniel!

Yup, that's it. I know, a little disappointing to have only one result. The test revealed that she is at least 75% cocker spaniel. "Most mixed breeds will not show any breeds listed under (this level) unless the dog has a purebred parent." So Kelly's mama or papa was likely pure cocker. The test was unable to account for the remaining 25 or so %. According to the packet information, this may be because:

1. there are breeds present that aren't included in their database.

2. she's really a purebred.

I'm guessing it's #1!
The database did not include 5 of the 15 dogs guessed in the Magical Mystery Mutt Tour. The database currently includes about 60 breeds of dogs.

Overall, the Breed Identification DNA Kit was a fun experience. Despite the limited number of breeds in the database, the kit would be helpful for anyone who is curious about their dog's breeds. The results include a fact sheet on the pertinent breed(s), with personality characteristics and health problems. I thought that was interesting. Check out the PetSafe DNA Kit.

**And, you could win a DNA Kit here! PetSafe has provided me with one kit to give away. Just leave a comment here, telling me why you would like to win a DNA Kit for your dog. I'll pick one winner by randomizer. Contest ends on Saturday 3/26 at 11:59pm. I'll announce the winner on next Wednesday Pet Roundup. Good Luck!

The Catahoula Leopard Dog, an American Original

By Ruthie Bently

The Catahoula Leopard Dog originated in northern Louisiana near the area of the Catahoula Lake. Catahoula is a Choctaw Indian word that means “sacred lake.” The “Leopard” in this breed’s name comes from the spots on the dog’s coat. The Catahoula Leopard Dog is known by other names including Catahoula Cur, Catahoula Hog Dog, Catahoula Hound and Louisiana Catahoula Leopard Dog. It was officially named Louisiana’s state dog in 1979 due to its importance to the history of Catahoula Parish. While the Catahoula is not yet able to compete in American Kennel Club confirmation events, it has been designated a member of the Herding Group and has been recorded in the AKC’s Foundation Stock Service since 1996.

Early settlers to Louisiana found wild boar and an indigenous Indian dog species. It is hard to prove that the Native Americans in the area had Catahoulas when the first European settlers arrived. During the 1539 expedition of Hemando de Soto, the Spanish explorer and his clerks wrote that the native Indian’s dog looked like a wolf but barked instead of howled. Tales state that the war dogs de Soto brought (bloodhounds, greyhounds and mastiffs) were bred with the native dogs to provide a new breed for the Native Americans. These tales have been passed down from generations of settlers that settled in north central Louisiana, and it is thought that the Catahoula Leopard Dog of today is the descendant of these dogs.

The Catahoula has had its brush with fame throughout our country’s history. According to one report, Jim Bowie and his brother Resin had two Catahoulas as children, and slept with them at their feet. Early in the 1900’s Teddy Roosevelt used them when hunting. There is an annual competition named Uncle Earl’s Hog Dog Trials named for Earl K. Long, a Louisiana governor who collected Catahoulas because of his interest in the breed. The Centenary College of Louisiana voted to make the Catahoula its school mascot in 2007.
An adult Catahoula Leopard Dog weighs between 55 to 80 pounds. The adult male Catahoula is between 22 and 26 inches high at the wither, and the female is between 20 to 24 inches. An adult dog’s weight should be in balance with their height. They are considered mature at two years old. Acceptable breed colors are black, blue, blue merle, brindle, brindle, chocolate, red, red merle, white merle, yellow and yellow merle. Their life expectancy is between twelve and thirteen years. Health issues can include deafness and hip dysplasia, eye problems and cancer in older dogs.

A Catahoula needs minimal bathing unless they roll into something and get dirty. It is a short-coated dog and a weekly brushing is generally enough. They shed constantly, and shedding can be light to average. The exception to this is if the dog is stressed or ill at ease, they will shed more conspicuously when being petted. 

Catahoula Leopard Dogs need companionship, attention and exercise. Good forms of exercise are hiking, running or jogging. If they don’t get adequate exercise, Catahoulas may become destructive diggers or chewers. If not given enough attention and appropriate exercise to its energy level, they will not do well in an apartment. Leaving them alone or tying them up outside can make them aggressive or overly shy. They can live outdoors but need a well insulated doghouse and should be brought inside during very cold weather, due to their single coat.

A Catahoula Leopard Dog needs a strong owner that understands pack hierarchy and can be the dominant leader of the family pack while enforcing the dog’s place in it. They are territorial, independent and protective of their pack members. It is important to socialize this breed at an early age. Catahoulas are affectionate with family members and people they know, but are reserved with all strangers and need to be allowed to approach and smell people they meet.

The Catahoula is a versatile dog. They are good at agility and do well with a job. They’re used for hunting and herding, have been used for sled dog racing in Canada, and are used in Venezuela to herd wild Brahman cattle on the extensive ranches. It is their instinct for working wild herds that makes them so valuable to breeders who require working dogs, and it is this same instinct that proves the purity in a true Catahoula Leopard Dog.

Do you love participating in outdoor activities with a dog, have a strong personality and enjoy a challenge? This American original might be the dog for you.

Photo by Leslie Bickel

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

How a Dog Show Helps You Find the Right Breed

By Linda Cole

Finding the right dog for your lifestyle is difficult if you don't know what a specific breed's characteristics are. We see well trained dogs in movies and TV commercials, and think maybe that dog breed would be a great pet, but it doesn't necessarily mean he's the right breed for you. A dog show gives you the opportunity to see different breeds up close and personal, making a difficult and important decision a little less of a gamble.

Dog shows give you a venue where you can talk with responsible breeders who raise purebred dogs. They know their dog breed inside and out, and are your best source of information. Breeders can tell you about a dog's personality and breed characteristics which helps you decide if a dog breed will fit into a certain lifestyle. A Border Collie, Pointer or any dog from the working group is perfect for an active family who loves getting outside with their dog, but they may not fit into a lifestyle that includes small children or small pets, like cats. Someone looking for a small dog thinking the dog's smaller size would be perfect can be surprised by a Terrier who digs up their flower garden or spends the day yapping at the neighbor's outside cat.

All dogs make great companions, for the right people and for the right reasons. A dog show gives you the opportunity to see what a specific purebred dog looks like and ask questions about the breed's temperament, grooming needs, health concerns particular to a breed, if the dog is easy to train, what kind of activities he would excel in, and how he might respond to other people or pets. The people you meet at a dog show are passionate about the breed they raise and show. Responsible breeders, the dog handlers and owners want to promote their specific breed, and they are the best people to give you advice about the breed. A dog is for a lifetime, and no responsible breeder wants any of their dogs to end up in the wrong home. If you find a breed you're interested in, a dog show gives you access to responsible breeders who can help you pick out the right pup.

An all breed dog show allows you to see different dog breeds in one setting. You can see how a well socialized, stable dog interacts with other dogs and people. Maybe you've thought agility competitions look like a fun sport you'd like to try. Any dog breed can be trained and entered in the sport, but if you are looking for a breed that will excel at agility, an all breed dog show gives you a good look at breeds that would meet your needs. Maybe you've always wanted a Siberian Husky. They are beautiful dogs with gentle blue eyes and a coat that's the envy of anyone who lives in a cold climate. But Huskies love to run, and if they have a chance to escape their pen or the house – run they will. Plus, they shed enough hair twice a year that you could process it and knit winter coats, hats, scarves and mittens for an entire town! Well, maybe that's a bit of an exaggeration, but a Husky sheds a lot. This isn't a good breed if you have allergies.

Dog shows give you valuable information that can put you on the right path to finding the perfect dog for your lifestyle. You wouldn't buy a new car without having done prudent research on the best model for your needs. Deciding on a specific dog breed should be given the same time and effort. Bringing a dog into your home is an important decision, and you owe it to yourself and the dog to make a wise choice the first time. Choosing a dog should never be done as a fashion statement. No dog should ever be turned into an animal shelter because their owner didn't take the time to learn about the breed before getting one.

A purebred dog may not be what you're looking for, but a dog show is still a good environment to learn about different breeds and what their characteristics are like. Mixed breed dogs will resemble one or more of the breeds in their lineage, and they can have a variety of characteristics depending on the different breeds. Just remember, dogs are individuals and whether they are a great family pet depends on how they're treated in the home. Learn about dog breeds before taking one home. You'll be glad you did!

Read more articles by Linda Cole

What's My Puppy?

After the recent success of the very fun Magical Mystery Mutt Tour blog hop, co-hosted by me, Will My Dog Hate Me, and I Still Want More Puppies, I realize that many people enjoy playing Guess That Dog Breed. So you may also enjoy this new website, What's My Puppy?

Started by Rick Thomas, a Columbus based web designer and animal lover, and inspired by his rescued shelter dog, Miley (pictured), What's My Puppy? helps people determine the breed of their pound puppies. Best of all, the site also donates quarterly to the registered shelter with the most participation points.

What's My Puppy offers users the chance to vote and comment on what they think the breed may be of any of the many puppies posted on the site. Users can even find out what their mystery breed pup may be through comments posted by other site users.

Fifteen percent of the site's advertising profits are donated to various shelters. In this way What's My Puppy? is raising not only awareness for homeless puppies, but actual dollars to help place more of the millions of homeless puppies.

Magical Mystery Mutt Tour

Question: What is this breed of dog pictured? (Answer appears at the end of this post.)

A few weeks ago, Edie, of Will My Dog Hate Me fame posted Name that Breed, a challenging quest to identify the breeds that worked together to make the adorable Wilson. I thought that would be fun to garner reader input on Kelly's possible breeds too. I Still Want More Puppies thought the same. Then, Edie took it a step further, suggesting it would be even more fun to open this up to all of you and your furkids!

So, I'm here to announce the Magical Mystery Mutt Tour Blog Hop, Friday February 4th. Here's what you do: simply write a post including at least two pictures of your dog. Describe your dog's:
height
weight
pertinent personality characteristics.

Post next Friday (2/4), and see what comments you receive.
You can also grab the linky tool, available here or on Will My Dog Hate Me, after 12:01am EST on Friday 2/4, and join the hop. We can't wait to see all the mystery mutts!

So join the fun in the Magical Mystery Mutt Tour and blog hop.
Oh, and the answer to the Question at the top of the post: Morkie (Maltese poodle + Yorkshire terrier.)

The Alaskan Malamute, a True Arctic Breed

By Ruthie Bently

The Alaskan Malamute’s origins go back 2,000 to 3,000 years, and their creation is credited to the Mahlemut Inuit tribe of northern Alaska. Most experts agree that the Malamute is one of the earliest dog breeds of North America. It is debated that they owe their existence to the breeding between domesticated Arctic wolves and early dogs owned by the tribe. It has not yet been scientifically confirmed, but the Alaskan Malamute might be the nearest living relative to the “First Dog” according to Mietje Germonpré, a paleontologist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. He feels that 30,000 year old dog remains recently found closely resemble the Alaskan Malamute due to their size.

I find it easy to believe that this breed is descended from wolves, as they do tend to howl more than they bark. I have had the chance to hear wolves howling, and the similarity is interesting. An extended family member owns a Malamute with ice blue eyes (this is a disqualification in the confirmation ring). When she looks at you, you get the impression that she is looking into your soul.

The Malamute was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1935. An adult male may range in height from 24 to 26 inches at the withers and weigh between 80 to 95 pounds. An adult female may range in height from 22 to 24 inches and weigh between 70 to 85 pounds. They have a life expectancy of twelve to fifteen years. A Malamute is a large, deep-chested breed and is prone to hip dysplasia, cataracts and bloat. It is a member of the AKC’s working group and is a good example of the group.

Malamutes have a long, dense double coat of hair, well suited to the northern climes and cold weather. If you live in a state like Arizona, you might want to think twice before getting a Malamute. They blow coat profusely in the spring and the fall, and brushing several times a week outside is suggested. The undercoat comes out in clumps. Coat colors can be solid white, black and white, sable and white, red and white, blue and white, or gray and white.

The early Mahlemuts used Malamutes (their only mode of transportation) for pulling travel sleds, hauling sleds loaded with supplies and food, and for hunting polar bears. Malamutes were highly prized for their willingness to work and their endurance and strength. They are still used for hauling freight over long distances and moving heavy objects.

Highly athletic dogs, Malamutes are frequently used for skijoring, bikejoring, canicross (the sport of cross-country running while hitched to a dog), agility, backpacking, carting, dog sledding, jogging, mushing, packing, search and rescue, and weight pulling. In long distance races, they are slower and heavier than their smaller cousin, the Siberian Husky.

As sled dogs, Malamutes are suited more for hauling and transport due to their accomplished sense of smell, courageous tenacity and sense of direction. These traits make them an invaluable addition to any expedition. Malamutes were used in 1896 during the gold rush in the Klondike. They were used frequently in Admiral Byrd’s expeditions to the South Pole and were used during World War II for search and rescue in Greenland, as well as being immortalized in books written by Rudyard Kipling and Jack London. The Alaskan Malamute was voted as the state dog of Alaska in 2010.

Malamutes need daily exercise. They like to wander, and a stout fenced yard or a dog run is suggested. If you build a dog run, the fence should be buried several inches below ground, as they will dig their way out. They make a good family pet, but if there are smaller household pets, care should be taken due to the Malamute’s strong prey drive. Due to their size, care should be taken when they are around small children, as they may knock them over. Obedience training is strongly suggested, and Malamutes need to be properly socialized with other dogs and humans. This breed needs an owner who is a strong alpha; otherwise they may be unruly and try to rule the roost. 

If you live in a northern climate, love exercise and winter sports, and don’t mind cleaning up dog hair, this affectionate, versatile arctic dog may be the right one for you.

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

Getting to Know the German Shorthaired Pointer

By Lynn Taylor, Team Dogs Unlimited

A versatile hunter and all-purpose dog, the German shorthaired pointer (GSP) possesses keen scenting power and high intelligence. The breed is proficient in many different types of recognized sports, but primarily bred for upland bird hunting, pointing and retrieving.

They’re a medium-sized breed, can be solid liver or black, liver and white, or black and white in color. The height of the breed, measured at the withers, is 23 to 25 inches for males and 21 to 23 inches for females. The weight is 55 to 70 pounds for males and 45 to 60 pounds for females.  Their short coat sheds, but grooming is minimal.

The GSP loves interaction with humans and thrives as part of an active family who will give them an outlet for their energy. The GSP is usually very good with children, although care should be taken because the breed can be boisterous especially when young. They’re an even-tempered, intelligent and loyal family watchdog that has enthusiasm for their work. An athlete, they can adapt to their living situation, but require consistent exercise. The German shorthaired pointer needs plenty of vigorous activity. This need for exercise (preferably off lead) coupled with the breed's natural instinct to hunt, means that training is an absolute necessity.

The GSP is a distinctly independent character with superior intelligence, which means that any unused energy will result in the dog amusing itself, most likely in an undesirable manner. Most German shorthaired pointers make excellent watchdogs. The breed generally gets along well with other dogs. Because of their strong hunting instinct which is expected for the breed, it is not always good with other small pets such as cats or rabbits. With training, however, the GSP family dog should be able to discern what is prey and what is not, and they can live quite amicably with other family pets.

German shorthaired pointers are a very clean breed. The short coat needs very little grooming, just occasional brushing. There is typically only one coat shed in the year. They should be bathed only when needed. Like all dogs with flop ears, the GSP can be prone to ear infections, and their ears require regular checking and cleaning. The GSP has a longer life expectancy than many breeds of this size, commonly living 12 to 14 years, with individual dogs often living 16 to 18 years.

As the GSP is a medium to large active breed, the dogs can require considerable food. Older or less active GSPs can also become obese if fed more than suitable for the individual's activity levels. A healthy weight should permit the last two ribs to be felt under the coat and the dog should have a distinct waist or "tuck-up."

The picture above is of my three GSP’s – Riot, Champ and Hunter (left to right). I absolutely love the breed and would highly recommend it for any active family. Mine are true competitive athletes which compete in a variety of organized sports including Hunt Trials, Dock Jumping, Conformation, Weight Pulling, and Lure Coursing, and are all “Powered by CANIDAE Grain Free Salmon.”

I have definitely noticed an improvement in all of my dogs since the switch to CANIDAE. This premium quality food provides them with enough energy to compete all day. Even with their high level of performance, I’m finally able to keep the proper weight on them – and their coats are healthy and shiny too. Thanks CANIDAE!

What is a Conformation Dog Show?

By Linda Cole

If you want to see a good representation of purebred dogs looking their best, a dog show is the best place to go. A conformation dog show is considered to be a beauty contest, but there's a lot more to it than that. The dogs are well trained, and each one is an ambassador representing their breed.

The recent showing of the National Dog Show on Thanksgiving and Westminster Dog Show are good examples of conformation shows. These are benched shows, which means people attending are allowed to mingle with the dogs backstage and talk to dog experts who can answer their questions. Both shows are nationally televised, but conformation dog shows take place across the country all year.

Most conformation dog shows in the United States are sponsored by the American Kennel Club. Any show outside the U.S. may be run according to the standard set forth in the country where the show is held, or it can be run according to the standard provided by the FCI (Federation Cynologique Internationale, an international federation of kennel clubs established in 1911.) The FCI sanctions the World Dog Show which is shown every year in a different host country.

What we see when watching a conformation dog show are well groomed dogs on their best behavior, but what a judge sees are dogs exemplifying the best in each of their breed standard. The dog shows we watch on TV feature top dogs who have earned the right to represent their breed by winning competitions throughout the year. Each dog is a champion who has met AKC requirements confirming them as a dog who is one of the best examples of their breed.

There are two types of conformation dog shows: all breed and specialty. Specialty shows have only one breed or one group of dogs (sporting, working, non-working, toy, hound, terrier or herding groups). All breed is just what it says; you will see dogs from each of the AKC registered breeds.

The American Kennel Club was established in 1884. Its main goal was recording and publishing a comprehensive book describing the breed standard for each breed registered with the AKC. This is also when dogs being shown were first required to be registered prior to showing. The purpose of “The Complete Dog Book” was to give judges guidelines for determining the best dog according to how well they met the standard for that breed. This book is still the guide used by a dog show judge to base their decisions according to how they interpret what the standards are for the breed they are judging.

Dog show judges look at the dog's appearance, body structure, shape of the head and eyes, proper bite, how the dog moves (his gait) and if the dog is able to perform the task he/she was bred to do. When the judge views each dog from the side, they are looking at how the dog stacks (a dog's stance that shows off particular attributes of the breed). The familiar stance we see from a German Shepherd in the ring is the expected stack for that breed. When a dog meets conformation, this means they conform to the ideal breed standard. A judge's decision is based on what the perfect dog looks like according to the breed standard.

A conformation dog show may be thought of as a beauty contest, but its purpose is to show off breeding stock. Dedicated breeders are passionate about and take great pride in the purebred dogs they raise. Because of the work responsible breeders do, dogs produce healthy litters that will carry on the best of their breed standard for years to come. Since conformation shows are meant to show off breeding stock, altered dogs are disqualified from competition.

Competing in dog shows is an expensive hobby, but it's not just for the wealthy. Dog lovers from all income levels participate. You won't get rich winning Best in Show, but you will spend quality time with your dog, make new friends along the way and know your dog is as close to perfect as they can be. At a dog show, you’ll be surrounded by a family of dog lovers who are happy to help you along the way and are passionate about their chosen breed.

Every February, I watch the Westminster Dog Show. I look at my dogs sleeping beside me on the couch or at my feet and think how great they are. I've had the honor of sharing my home with purebred and mixed breed dogs and as far as I'm concerned, all of them are “Best in Show” in my house.

If you’d like to learn more about this topic, be sure to check out Ruthie Bently's article, What Happens at a Dog Show.

Photo by Ed Schipul

Read more articles by Linda Cole

Choosing the Best Low-Maintenance Dog Breed

By Tamara L. Waters

It's just a fact of nature: some pets require more work than others. If you are like me and enjoy things that are uncomplicated, you might be interested in finding a low-maintenance dog breed.

What exactly does low-maintenance mean, though? For some it can mean a dog breed that doesn't require excessive exercise, while other definitions mean a dog breed that doesn't need a great deal of grooming. How about a dog breed that doesn't require a lot of cleanup? All of these factors need to be taken into account to come up with a list of low-maintenance dog breeds.

Exercise – All dogs need regular exercise and mental stimulation. There is no such thing as a dog that doesn't need exercise, although some breeds are more high energy and require more physical exercise than others. Regular walks and playtime will keep your dog in good shape and can help curb behavior issues that stem from boredom and lack of exercise. Some dog breeds, though, are a little more satisfied with lying around and do well in small homes and yards.

Grooming – All dogs need some type of grooming whether it is nail trims, tooth cleaning, regular brushing, hair trims, etc. Some dogs, though, require a little less in the grooming department due to coat length and other physical attributes.

Veterinary Care – If you have any type of pet, as a responsible pet owner you know that veterinary care is a must. Some dog breeds tend to have more health issues, thus requiring more trips to the vet and perhaps even regular medications while others are relatively free of health concerns.

Cleanup – When choosing a low-maintenance dog breed, you have to take cleanup into account. Some dogs make more messes than others. Whether it is drool, destruction, poop piles or just messy eating, you have to keep in mind how much you will be cleaning up after your dog.

When choosing a low-maintenance dog breed, you should take into account your family's ability to meet the needs of the dog. It’s not fair to bring a high energy, hairy dog that requires a lot of human interaction and makes lots of messes into a household that has no intention of attending to such demands.

One of the best ways to figure out the best dog breed for your family is to do extensive research. Read about different dog breeds online and at your local library. Ask your veterinarian for recommendations. Ask other dog owners about their experiences with specific breeds and their recommendations for your family. The American Kennel Club website has information about specific breeds, and is a great site to start your search.

You can also visit the Dog Breed Info Center which has an online quiz to help you determine the best dog breed for your family and your lifestyle. The quiz asks about your family members (such as age of youngest child), your intentions on grooming and exercise (how often you intend to groom and walk your dog) and other questions to help determine the best breed for you.

Check out these suggestions of great dog breeds for the lazy –  I mean, low-maintenance loving responsible pet owner (based upon information provided by the Dog Breed Info Center). Remember, there is no such thing as a NO-maintenance dog. If you want that type of dog, stick with a plush toy dog.

Goldendoodle – this hybrid dog is bred from a Golden Retriever and a Poodle, and may also be called Goldie Poo, Golden Poo or Groodle. This low-allergy dog breed loves people and is very intelligent. The coat generally requires brushing to keep it from being tangled. Goldendoodles do not shed much which makes them a great dog breed for allergy sufferers. Regular exercise is necessary of course, but a Goldendoodle generally does well in smaller homes and yards. I’ve never owned a Goldendoodle, but have owned a Golden Retriever and can attest to what a great breed they are. My Golden was a great family dog with a wonderful, obedient personality that just oozed love and loyalty.

Labradoodle – like all dogs, Labradoodles do need regular exercise, but if you are looking for a dog that doesn't require excessive grooming, this may be a good choice. Look for a Labradoodle that has a short or medium-length coat for easier maintenance and less shedding. Remember that Labradors do have exercise requirements that make them a little more high energy.

Pugs have great personalities and love people. They also love to just hang out and don't require excessive exercise. Pugs do not require a lot of grooming but they do tend to shed a great deal which may mean you will be brushing them daily. So the shedding doesn't make them exactly the most low-maintenance dog, but their laid back and easygoing personality coupled with their low-energy lifestyle makes them part of the list.

Other breeds suggested by the quiz are Lhasa Apso, Miniature Schnauzer, Pomeranian, West Highland White Terrier, Bichon Frise and Chinese Crested (hairless). Again, don't take my word for it – do your own research, ask around and make a sound decision based upon the information you discover. Adding a dog to your family should always be done after making a responsible and informed decision.

Photo: Labradoodle, by Searchtempo

Read more articles by Tamara L. Waters

Breed Profile: American Indian Dog

By Ruthie Bently

The American Indian Dog history goes back 30,000 years in both North and South America. They were used by Native American tribes for herding, tracking, corralling bison, running down deer, hunting bear and guarding, as well as pack animals for pulling the travois when a family unit migrated from place to place. Their hair was used for weaving to make garments and blankets. They also kept their owners warm on very cold nights. The breed was developed and strengthened by the breeding of dogs that were traded between tribes of all the Nations from Alaska down into south America by the Plains Indians.

The American Indian Dog is a very intelligent breed. They need a firm, steady owner who is able to be the pack leader so there are no behavior problems. They have strong instincts and need to be socialized well. American Indian Dogs are very conscious of their territory and will bond very strongly to their family members. They are able to adjust to many environments and make exceptional watchdogs of both family and the household. They are cautious and alert around strangers.

American Indian Dogs are versatile at many jobs, and working is one of their best qualities. They are good at agility, racing, disc dog competitions, as babysitters, in law enforcement, rescue and as certified therapy and certified service dogs.

Adult males range in size from eighteen to twenty inches and weigh thirty-five to sixty pounds. Females range in size from seventeen to nineteen inches and weigh between thirty and forty-five pounds. They need daily exercise and do well with a long walk. They prefer lots of space but will adjust if given enough exercise and proper training. Their life expectancy is between fourteen and eighteen years. They are a very clean dog; they don’t tend to have much odor and they shed once in the spring.

While the American Indian Dog is not recognized by the American Kennel Club, they are recognized by the American Indian Dog registry (AIDR), the International Indian Dog Owners and Breeders Association (IIDOBA), the Dog Registry of America, Inc. (DRA) and the International Progressive Dog Breeders Alliance (IPDBA).

If you are interested in an American Indian Dog, make sure you do your homework. There are unscrupulous breeders who are passing off wolf and coyote hybrids as Native American Indian Dogs and these are not the same breed. For more information, check the American Indian Dog website or the International Indian Dog Owners and Breeders Association.

Photos courtesy of Song Dog Kennels

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

Breed Profile: Shiba Inu, the Brushwood Dog

By Ruthie Bently

The Shiba Inu is an ancient breed that originated on the island of Japan and is a descendant of the primitive dogs of the ancient Japanese people. The breed can trace its roots back to the third century B.C, although it was not officially named until the 1920s. They are Japan’s number one companion dog.

The Shiba Inu is a member of the AKC’s Non-Sporting group, which is interesting when you consider they were originally used for hunting, primarily to flush birds and small game. They were also used for hunting bear and boar, due to their superior senses and ability to traverse steep hills and mountainous regions that were inaccessible to people. According to Merriam Webster’s online dictionary, Shiba means brushwood and Inu means dog. Some Shiba Inus’ coat color is the same reddish color of these trees, hence the nickname brushwood dog.

The Shiba Inu is the smallest of the Japanese dog breeds, and through the Japanese Cultural Properties Act, they were declared a natural product of Japan in 1936. World War II and outbreaks of rabies and distemper brought the breed to the brink of extinction. Dogs from the three remaining types of Shibas were interbred to repopulate the breed. 

The Shiba Inu was first brought to the United States in 1954 by a military family. The first litter born in the United States was from a breeding by a pair owned by Julia Cadwell. The Shiba Inu was recognized by the AKC in 1993, and is the AKC’s 136th breed. 

Shibas are fastidious dogs, and many tend to avoid puddles. They are a confident breed and are fearless, courageous, brave and alert. They are fairly easy to housebreak and should be well socialized as puppies because they can be reserved with strangers. They need a firm hand and need to know their owner is the alpha of the pack, or they can become stubborn and will try to rule the roost.

They bond well with their family members and can be great with children, cats and other dogs. However, they should not be left alone with smaller pets due to their natural hunting instinct. Since their instinct to chase is strong, caution should be taken when walking them off leash. They don’t bark much, and are good travelers. They need daily exercise to keep them from misbehaving or acting out. A Shiba Inu can live in an apartment, but needs sufficient exercise. They do best in a moderately sized yard. As they regard themselves as a member of the family, they are not happy if left outside alone.

An adult male Shiba Inu ranges in size from fourteen to sixteen inches tall and weighs between eighteen and twenty-five pounds. Females range from thirteen to fifteen inches tall and weigh between fifteen and twenty pounds. The breed can be prone to patellar luxation (slipped kneecap), PRA (progressive retinal atrophy) and hip dysplasia. The life expectancy of a Shiba Inu is between twelve and fifteen years of age.

The Shiba has a short haired coat which is easy to groom. They do well with several brushings a week and do blow coat during shedding season. Their coat has a natural waterproofing and they should only be bathed when necessary so it is not removed. If you are looking for a happy, friendly dog for your family or just a walking companion with great endurance, the Shiba Inu may be right up your alley.

Top photo: "Sumo," 8-week old Shiba Inu puppy, by Mrs. L. Selle
Bottom photo: by Roberto Vasarri

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

Just How Smart is a Border Collie?

By Linda Cole

Border Collies are considered one of the smartest dog breeds around. They excel at herding sheep and can learn voice commands, follow directions from a whistle or hand signals, and can understand more words than most dogs. Border Collies are smart, but just how smart are they?

The Border Collie sits at the top of the list of most intelligent dog breeds, and some people believe they are the smartest dog in the world. This is a dog who will keep his owner on their toes, especially if they don't research the breed before getting one. Border Collies require a lot of exercise, and need to do a job to stay out of trouble. A bored Border Collie is capable of almost anything, because he will find something to do to entertain himself.

This is a dog breed that never stops thinking and has the ability to stay one step ahead of his owner. You can practically see the wheels turning in his head as he searches his environment and notices everything going on around him. If you take the time, this dog can learn almost anything you want to teach him and he thrives on learning. A Border Collie needs plenty of mental stimulation and physical exercise to keep his mind and body in good shape. Just be careful what you do teach him, because he won't easily forget and he may use his intelligence to teach himself things you don't want him to learn.

Border Collies are medium sized dogs weighing from 25 to 65 lbs. They can think on their own and problem solve when necessary to complete a task before them. And I do mean any task. These dogs have a work ethic that's unstoppable, and they can stay focused on anything they set their mind on. They're experts at finding escape routes out of their pen, and some owners swear this dog breed can open locked doors and unlock gates to escape. If he's working sheep and out of hearing range or sight of his handler, he is capable of making decisions on his own. This hard working dog breed is a quick thinker and lets nothing stand in his way of doing the job he was bred to do.

Border Collies thrive on lots of praise, but they can be stubborn as well and will try to outsmart an unwary owner if given the upper hand. An owner needs to understand and be aware of the intelligence of this dog in order to keep him under control. A bored and untrained dog can have serious behavioral problems and will not be a good family pet, especially with small children. The dog can be sensitive to loud and sudden noises and they will try to herd anything that moves including kids, other dogs or cats, cars, livestock and even their owner.

If you don't have a herd of sheep available to help your Border Collie run off steam, the next best thing is to train and enter him in agility sports, sheepdog trials, disc dog or Flyball competitions, or dock diving. This dog breed has plenty of stamina to go the long haul, and usually comes out on top when competing in these events. Any of the above activities can give this fast learning dog an appropriate way to keep his mind focused and keep him fit. This dog loves being with his owner, and participating in a sport complements his competitive nature. Long hikes or runs will also satisfy his need for plenty of exercise. This dog is not a couch potato, and needs an active owner.

Border Collies are so smart and observant, they can pick up on the smallest variations in our tone of voice, how a command is given and even how we use our hands during training session. Subtle changes that go unnoticed by an owner can be picked up by the dog. These differences can be confusing to him because he thinks his owner is trying to teach him something new. It's important to stay as consistent as possible when training a Border Collie.

If you don't have the time or energy to give your all to a Border Collie, you'll be happier with a more laid back dog breed with less energy. Border Collies find their way into shelters because their owner didn't understand the needs of this athletic dog. Families with young children need to train the kids how to interact with their pet to avoid unwanted behavior from the dog and unnecessary punishment when he acts the only way he knows how.

Read more articles by Linda Cole

Talented Poodles Make Great Performers

By Suzanne Alicie

Many people assume that poodles are nothing but yappy little dogs to be carried around in handbags. In fact, poodles come in different sizes and many different colors (some natural, some not) and are very intelligent dogs. The stereotype people have of poodles was one that I held until about 9 years ago.

I had always had larger dogs and had no use for a dog that had to be fluffed and clipped all the time, or that was timid and nervous around people. Yet, my husband and children decided I needed a poodle for Mother’s Day. So there I was, the brand new and somewhat skeptical owner of a tiny white ball of curls that was quickly named Noodle because his curls looked like ramen noodles. Although I don’t recommend giving pets as surprise gifts, Noodle the Poodle quickly stole my heart. Noodle was a toy poodle. The sizes that poodles come in include standard, miniature, toy and teacup.

Noodle was a performing poodle in our home. He loved to entertain our guests and the children by dancing on his back paws, sitting pretty with his front paws in front of his chest and by walking backwards. These tricks were easy to teach because poodles are a breed that is eager to please. They are also smart and are great problem solvers. While I loved my poodle, I know there are real professional performing poodles that put my amateur dog training skills to shame.

Besides on television or in movies, have you ever seen performing poodles? They are not a thing of the past, and there are several traveling poodle groups around the United States and Canada that perform in circuses and at special appearances. Performing poodles have been a standard act in the Barnum and Bailey circuses since the early 1900s, and before that throughout Europe there have been performing poodles in nearly all of the Commedia del Artes and Vaudeville performances.

Seeing a troupe of performing poodles live is an experience everyone should have at least once.  But if you don’t have that opportunity, you can easily check out performing poodles on YouTube, and on various talent shows such as Animal Planet’s “Pet Star.”

No matter what your personal opinion of a poodle may be, there are many extremely smart, talented poodles in the world. Most of them are not professional performers – they simply perform for their people. Many poodle owners will tell you that very often, it feels as if the poodle just knows what is expected and will happily perform the same trick over and over as long as someone will watch.

While I haven’t had the pleasure of having a whole group of performing poodles of my own, I can imagine the hilarity and fun when they begin doing tricks for treats at the same time. We used to have a ritual with my Noodle: after dinner he would always dance and walk backwards so that he could have a spoonful of ice cream. If we forgot or didn’t call him, as soon as the plates were cleared he would just appear and begin walking backwards around the room or twirling around on his back paws until someone noticed and went to the freezer to get his ice cream. At times I felt as if he had trained me instead of the other way around.

Photo: The Poodle Trainer, a short film by Vance Malone

Read more articles by Suzanne Alicie

Saluki, the Royal Dog of Egypt

By Ruthie Bently

The Saluki is one of the oldest known dog breeds in the world, named for the ancient southern Arabian city of Saluq, which no longer exists. The breed is known as the “Royal Dog of Egypt,” since the nobility were the only people allowed to own them. Their mummified remains have been found in the tombs of pharaohs as well as many tombs of the Upper Nile, and there are several carvings of King Tutankhamen with his favored Salukis. Some Saluki likenesses have been dated back to 2100 B.C. More recently excavated tombs dating between 7000 and 6000 B.C. Sumaria also contain Saluki carvings. The Saluki is known by other names as well: the Arabian Hound, Persian Sighthound, Gazelle Hound, Persian Greyhound, and the Tanji.

The Saluki is native to eastern Turkestan to Turkey, though due to the nomadic existence of their owners they ranged from the Caspian Sea to the Sahara desert. Historians believe they are related to the Afghan Hound and date back to Alexander the Great’s invasion of India in 329 B.C. Considered a sacred gift from Allah, they were only offered as gifts and never sold. Bedouin tribes regarded a Saluki with a white forehead patch as special, and it was believed that they wore “the kiss of Allah.”

The Saluki is a member of the Hound group; they were recognized by the AKC in 1929. Salukis may be shown in two varieties: smooth or coated (with leg feathers). Allowable colors are black and tan, grizzle and tan, golden, tricolor, white, red, fawn and cream. Males weigh between 29 and 66 pounds and are between 23 and 28 inches tall at the withers, with females being slightly smaller. Health problems may include eye ailments and cancer, and they are susceptible to sunburn. Their life expectancy is between ten and twelve years.

The first Salukis imported into England in 1840 were known as Persian Greyhounds. After seeing Salukis while on a tour of the Nile, the Honorable Florence Amherst imported the first breeding pair of Salukis from Arabia, which came from the Transjordanian kennels of Prince Abdulla. She tried unsuccessfully to improve the popularity of the Saluki for almost thirty years, and got assistance from Brigadier General Frederick Lance and his wife Gladys, who brought home two Syrian Salukis from Sarona, Palestine where he had been stationed. The Lances’ Saluki “Sarona Kelb” significantly influenced the Saluki breed. 

Salukis are equally at home in both the show ring and at lure coursing events, and have also been used as racing dogs. They are avid sight hunters and their stamina and tenacity belie their fragile appearance. Salukis can run at 40 mph in short bursts, and are not allowed off lead in some countries. They are best known for hunting gazelle due to their ability and speed over rough terrain, and they have been used to hunt hare, jackal and fox. Due to their strong hunting instincts, they may injure or kill other small pets in the home, though they may get along with cats.

Salukis do best in a fenced yard with some space to run. They should not be let off lead due to their tendency to chase what they see; once a Saluki sights prey they will give chase and will ignore commands to return. They need the equivalent of a five mile walk or run daily and since they love to run, will happily jog alongside a bike. Salukis are not recommended for apartments.

A Saluki needs a firm hand during training and does best with patience, compassion and consistency rather than severe methods. They make an obedient dog, are independent and can become distracted from time to time. They are affectionate and may bond to one family member; multiple Salukis in a household do well together. If you would like to live with a dog of truly royal lineage and love exercising, the Saluki may be right up your alley. 

Picture courtesy of Cori Solomon.

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

Dog Breed Profile: Was Lassie a Typical Collie?

By Suzanne Alicie

While most people think of the popular television show “Lassie” when they hear the word Collie, this breed of dog deserves attention unrelated to television popularity.

The Collie is a very intelligent dog, as well as beautiful, loyal and useful. Originating in Britain, the Collie has become a common breed in the U.S. and other countries as a working dog and as a family pet.

The size of a Collie may lead you to think they are outdoor animals. They do live active and energetic lives outdoors, but the behavior and easy training also makes a Collie the ideal indoor pet as well. An average Collie weighs anywhere between 50 and 75 pounds, with the female weighing on the lower end of that range. While the Collie is an energetic dog breed, if he isn’t exercised regularly he will quickly become lazy and lethargic, so even if your Collie is an indoor pet, make sure to take him for a daily walk or run.

The Collie is a loving dog with an even temperament. They learn quickly and are eager to please. Because of their obedience and friendly nature, along with their prey drive, Collies are naturally good at herding livestock and working with other animals.

Because of the very sensitive nature of a Collie, it is important that a responsible pet owner always offer praise and correct their Collie gently, showing the dog instead the proper action. If a Collie is rebuked sharply his feelings may be hurt and he could shy away from you until you show him that you aren’t angry. While a Collie will protect his family from danger, they do not respond well to loud or violent behavior.

Collies are cautious of strangers and protective of their home and family, so they may bark more than other breeds. This can be dealt with by socializing your Collie and training him not to bark at some everyday things. However, the natural instinct to alert the family of potential danger makes the Collie an ideal pet to have around small children and to alert you if someone is trespassing too close to the family home.

When it comes to the appearance of a Collie, there are many different options. Rough and smooth Collies are available in four basic colors: sable and white, tri color (a mix of white, black and tan), blue merle and white. The difference between rough and smooth Collies is really no more than the grooming that will be required. Rough Collies have coarser fur that keeps mud and dirt from sticking and is easy to keep clean, but requires more brushing to keep from matting and tangling. The smooth Collie has finer hair that is easier to care for, but will need to be washed more often.

One thing that is common for all Collies is the extreme shedding. These dogs shed out twice a year, and will require extra grooming at that time to keep loose fur from becoming entangled and creating mats and lumps in the coat.

Collies are known as a hearty breed and are generally healthy dogs, but there are some things to keep in mind when it comes to the health and well being of your Collie.

• Collies are very susceptible to heat. On hot days they need a lot of cool water and a cool place to lie down.
• Collies are known for their sensitive Collie noses which are susceptible to sunburn.
• Collie eye anomaly (or CEA) affects almost 85% of Collies in the U.S.

The Collie is a great breed to have as a pet or as a working dog, and will serve either function happily. So, while your Collie may not rescue people like Lassie did, he will love you and seek to please you every day.

Read more articles by Suzanne Alicie

Monday Pet Roundup

Hi and welcome to Monday Pet Roundup!

* A few weeks ago I wrote a column about the top 5 summer fun activities your dog can do, too. The list included swimming (Here's Kelly swimming among the lily pads!), summer camp, and even getting ice cream from the ice cream truck. Now, here's another activity to add to the list: playing in a water park. The Bora Bora Club, located in Sun Valley California, is the first water park exclusively for dogs!

* It looks like three friends--a runaway coat, Great Dane, and a three-legged Labrador Retriever-- will have a new home together. The Dallas News reports.

* Which dog is right for you? Carol Bryant from FIDO Friendly magazine will help you decide this Tuesday on the Gayle King Show Click on the link or tune in XM 156/Sirius 195 from 9am to 11am EST on(Rebroadcast at 2pm and 9pm EST).

* What would happen if your pet met up with a bear, or coyote, or even a raccoon? Dfs Pet Blog reminds us that this can happen even in urban backyards. Here are some hints on how to keep your pet safe from wildlife.

* Do you think we need more animal cruelty laws? Dog spelled forward blog suggests better enforcement of the laws we have.

* Finally, a dose of cute. Who do you think would win the standoff between a cat and several adorable golden retriever puppies?



What about you? Would you bring your dog to a dog water park? Has your pet had an encounter with wildlife?

Dog Breed Profile: Newfoundland

By Ruthie Bently

The Newfoundland is a member of the American Kennel Club’s Working Group, and they live up to the reputation of a working dog. They are used as draft animals, for search and rescue, for water rescue, as guardians of property and families, as therapy dogs and for landing fishing nets. In their native Newfoundland they were used to haul harvested wood, carry boat lines to shore, carry lifelines to boats, rescue children, fetch items that fell overboard, supply power for the blacksmith, as a pack animal and cart puller. They are equally at home in the water or on land, and their history for water rescues are renowned worldwide. Due to their versatility in many fields, they are used in carting, agility, obedience, confirmation, drafting and water tests, and tracking competitions.

While it is thought that the breed originated in Newfoundland, from stock brought across the ocean by European fishermen, their ancestry is a bit muddy. There are many different opinions on who their antecedents were. Theories are: that they are a cross between local dogs and Tibetan Mastiffs; a descendent of a nomadic Indian dog or a Viking Karelian (a spitz type dog); or a descendent of a French Boarhound, Great Pyrenees, even a cross with a Labrador.

During World War II during blizzards in the Aleutian Islands and Alaska, Newfoundlands were used for hauling ammunition and supplies. In 1919, a Newfoundland that pulled a lifeboat with twenty shipwreck survivors to safety received a gold medal. Another Newfie is noted for rescuing 53 people from a shipwreck. They are used in Europe to patrol beaches. The Coast Guard and Navy Seals are using Newfies trained to jump from helicopters for water rescues. A woman in Janesville, Wisconsin even stated that her Newfoundland towed her stepfather’s car out of a snow drift.

Last but not least, there is mention of a Newfoundland named Rigel who may have swum in the icy waters of the North Atlantic for three hours before barking to alert a rescue ship. There is a mention of him in the book The Sinking of Titanic and Great Sea Disasters and an article in the New York Herald the day the Carpathia docked with survivors, but no other concrete evidence seems to be available. His legend is immortalized in The Legend of Rigel: Hero Dog of the Titanic, by Christine Jamesson.

There are several famous Newfies in history; even the White House was not adverse to their charms. Faithful was owned by Jesse Grant, the son of Ulysses S. Grant. Hector was owned by Rutherford B. Hayes, and James Buchanan had a female named Lara, who reportedly kept an eye on her owner by lying with one eye closed and one open for hours at a time. In the original version of Peter Pan, Nana the dog was a Newfoundland. Lewis and Clark took a Newfoundland named Seaman on their expedition. The Landseer was made famous by artist Sir Edwin Landseer, who painted many pictures of this black and white variety. Other colors allowed are black, brown and gray.

Newfoundlands have a life expectancy of between nine and fifteen years. Adult females weigh between 100 to 120 pounds and stand between 25 and 27 inches at the shoulder. Males weigh between 130 and 150 pounds and stand between 27 and 29 inches at the shoulder. They are prone to hip dysplasia and sub-aortic stenosis, a hereditary heart disease. The Newfoundland was recognized by the AKC in 1886.

A Newfoundland does best in cooler climates, as they don’t do well in hot weather. They need daily exercise, but are content to hang out at home. They do well with a job and are equally as good on land as they are in the water. They have an affinity for water and getting them a kiddie pool is a good idea if you can’t make regular trips to the beach or a lake. They can clean off a low table with one swipe of their tail and drool quite a bit. They shed profusely during shedding season, and they require regular brushing to maintain their coat quality. Due to their sweet disposition, they are good with most other animals, love children and are devoted to their family. Proper socialization and obedience training is a must. As with many other large breeds, a Newfie’s owner must be the alpha dog.

If you are interested in a remarkable, gentle giant that works well in many situations, check out the Newfoundland. If you would like to adopt a rescued Newfie see the Newfoundland Club of America’s website. You can also find information on the AKC’s website.

Read more articles by Ruthie Bently

How to Tell Which Breeds are in Your Mutt

By Linda Cole

It can be hard trying to determine the pedigree of some mixed breed dogs. Even dog experts have a hard time identifying some “Heinz 57” pups. A lot of times, it comes down to guesswork. But knowing which combination of dog breeds they might be can make a difference when you're trying to decide if a mixed breed is one that would be suitable for your family.

Because mixed breed dogs have a variety of breeds in their lineage, it's difficult to know all the dog breeds making up their DNA. Which breed temperament will be the strongest may be noticeable when they're pups, but it can change as they grow.

Until 2007, there were no tests to determine the heritage of mixed breeds. Scientists have developed a DNA test for about 100 or so specific dogs breeds and have recently been testing mixed breeds for an average cost to dog owners of around $100. Since it doesn't cover all known dog breeds, a complete evaluation for most mutts is still in the future. Each year, more breeds are added to the list, but until a complete list is compiled, that leaves most of us wondering which breeds are in our mixed breed dog.

A cross breed mixed dog comes from two different purebred dogs. A Labrador and Poodle bred together produce a Labradoodle. It's considered a mixed breed dog, but there's a difference between a dog with first generation parents and one whose mixed breed lineage goes back three or more generations.

Trying to figure out specific dog breeds in some mixed breeds becomes more difficult, if not impossible, because specific breeds become more jumbled with each generation that's born. Even with DNA testing it can be a complicated question to answer the more mixed a dog's lineage is.

True mixed breed dogs are more run of the mill types with a medium build and light or medium brown or black coats with white on their chest and possibly in other places on their coat. They're usually of medium weight around 40 pounds. These are dogs with so many generations of mixed breed ancestry that any resemblance of specific dog breeds has been lost.

Not all mixed breed dogs are true Heinz 57's. You can determine specific breeds in many mixed dogs. My Beagle/Terrier mix, Alex, looks like a Beagle in her face, with ears that resemble that part of her heritage, but the ears are shorter and not as wide as a purebred Beagle. She has a Terrier body, except in the chest which is more like a Beagle. Her disposition is more Beagle like, and she loves to bark. She's stubborn and likes to do things when she's ready, but she's more laid back than a typical Terrier and not as snappy.

Check the shape of their head and muzzle. Does the dog have floppy ears or do they stand erect? Is their tail short or stubby, long and thin or bushy? You can get an idea of how big your puppy will be by looking at his feet. If he has small feet, he'll remain small. If his feet seem to be oversized for his body, watch out if you aren't looking for a big dog.

Coat color can give you some indications as well. A black and tan colored coat with a saddle type of pattern may tell you he has German Shepherd in him, especially if he shows other characteristics of a Shepherd like a long wedge-shaped nose and erect ears. If he has webbed feet, then you can assume he probably has some type of water dog in his DNA, like a Spaniel or even a Newfoundland.

If the structure of the dog's face, ears, eyes and muzzle point toward a specific breed, you know at least one breed. If it looks like a Lab, that means it has Lab in its DNA. The body may be smaller or larger which then becomes another guessing game for other possible dog breeds.

Having a general idea what the genetic makeup of a mixed breed dog is helps you decide if it's a dog that would fit in with your lifestyle. If you're looking for an active dog but end up with a couch potato, you may not be happy with the dog. Being able to determine the main breeds in a mixed breed dog can give you an idea what temperament that dog might have. You can take some of the mystery out of adopting a mixed breed dog by doing a few careful, but simple observations before you adopt.

Read more articles by Linda Cole